Hello readers!
Welcome to my blog. This blog is part of my thinking activity task which is based on Culture and Anarchy by Matthew Arnold, assigned by Dr. Dilip Barad sir. In this blog I have tried to put some key points and my understanding of each chapter of the essay in brief. So, let's go.
💠Culture and Anarchy by Matthew Arnold :-
Culture and Anarchy was written as a series of periodical essays from 1867 to 1868 and published in Cornhill Magazine, Matthew Arnold's Culture and Anarchy was collected as a book in 1869. In the book, Arnold examines Victorian culture in England. He questions how culture and society are intertwined -- if they are at all -- and even questions if culture (which he calls the "study of perfection") is necessary and does any good. Ultimately, though, Culture and Anarchy is a historical study of the time. The Culture and Anarchy divided in following chapters like,
🔺 Key points :-
- Culture as a study in Perfection
🔺 Understanding :-
In the Introduction to his essay Arnold clearly mentioned that the whole scope of the essay is to recommend culture as the great help out of our present difficulties. Culture being a pursuit of our total perfection by means of getting to know all the matters which most concern us, " the best which has been thought and said in the world. "
(2) Sweetness and Light :-
🔺 Key points :-
🔺 Understanding :-
In the study of perfection Arnold's essays have shown " to conceive of true human perfection as harmonious perfection. For Arnold Culture is connected with the ideas of Sweetness and light. He tries to explain this idea with the help of Greek words aphuia & euphuia. The euphyes is the man who tends towards Sweetness and light. The aphyes means is our Philistine.
(3) Doing as one likes :-
🔺 Key points :-
- Personal liberty and Anarchy
The Aristocratic class Arnold calls the Barbarians. Who have their own personal liberty, they have their own Individualism, field sports and mainly exercise as a fashion with them.
(5) Hebraism and Hellenism :-
🔺 Key points :-
- Renaissance and Reformation
🔺 Understanding :-
The final aim of both Hebraism and Hellenism is man's perfection or salvation. So, the aim and end of both Hebraism and Hellenism is admirable. The emphasis of Hebraism is on doing more a knowing. While Hellenism means thinking clearly, seeing things in their essence and beauty. In England we find both moral and Intellectual awareness sharpened by Reformation and Renaissance.
Culture and Anarchy was written as a series of periodical essays from 1867 to 1868 and published in Cornhill Magazine, Matthew Arnold's Culture and Anarchy was collected as a book in 1869. In the book, Arnold examines Victorian culture in England. He questions how culture and society are intertwined -- if they are at all -- and even questions if culture (which he calls the "study of perfection") is necessary and does any good. Ultimately, though, Culture and Anarchy is a historical study of the time. The Culture and Anarchy divided in following chapters like,
- Preface : what is culture
- Sweetness and Light
- Doing as One Likes
- Barbarian, Philistines, Populace
- Hebraism and Hellenism
- Porro Unum Est Necesssarium
- Our Liberal Practitioners
(1) preface : what is culture :-
🔺 Key points :-
- Culture as a study in Perfection
🔺 Understanding :-
In the Introduction to his essay Arnold clearly mentioned that the whole scope of the essay is to recommend culture as the great help out of our present difficulties. Culture being a pursuit of our total perfection by means of getting to know all the matters which most concern us, " the best which has been thought and said in the world. "
(2) Sweetness and Light :-
🔺 Key points :-
- A Study of Perfection
- sweetness and light🔺 Understanding :-
In the study of perfection Arnold's essays have shown " to conceive of true human perfection as harmonious perfection. For Arnold Culture is connected with the ideas of Sweetness and light. He tries to explain this idea with the help of Greek words aphuia & euphuia. The euphyes is the man who tends towards Sweetness and light. The aphyes means is our Philistine.
(3) Doing as one likes :-
🔺 Key points :-
- Personal liberty and Anarchy
- Middle class and working class
🔺 Understanding :-
First Matthew Arnold said that Culture is the study and pursuit of Perfection; and Sweetness and light. Freedom of doing as one likes according to Arnold was one of those things which English thus worshipped in itself, without enough regarding the ends of which freedom is to be desired. Again Arnold gives examples of the Middle class and working class, to prove how " doing as one likes " may bring Chaos and Anarchy in society.
(4) Barbarian, Philistines, Populace :-
🔺 Key points :-
- The Aristocrats with their own Individualism
- The working class people
🔺 Understanding :-
The Aristocratic class Arnold calls the Barbarians. Who have their own personal liberty, they have their own Individualism, field sports and mainly exercise as a fashion with them.
According to Arnold the Philistines are the middle class people. Generally they are shopkeepers, worldly wise men, captains of industry busy in trade and commerce.
The working class who help the Empire builders are the Populace in Arnold's parlance. Populace wherever they engaged in running the wheels of industry.
(5) Hebraism and Hellenism :-
🔺 Key points :-
- Renaissance and Reformation
🔺 Understanding :-
The final aim of both Hebraism and Hellenism is man's perfection or salvation. So, the aim and end of both Hebraism and Hellenism is admirable. The emphasis of Hebraism is on doing more a knowing. While Hellenism means thinking clearly, seeing things in their essence and beauty. In England we find both moral and Intellectual awareness sharpened by Reformation and Renaissance.
(6) Porro Unum Est Necesssarium :-
🔺 Key points :-
-Porro Unum est Necessarium in Arnold's Culture and Anarchy
-Culture Diffuses Directness and light.
-Malaise of the age
🔺 Understanding :-
The term is a Latin title means " But one thing is necessary " One banal system of action, issuing out of the very concepts of Democrat existence is the liberal notion of doing freely as one likes. Now culture diffuses Sweetness and light and religion, fire and strength. Arnold warns us of the besetting blindness of fanaticism either in culture or religion. Arnold has come to the defence of culture and says, " No man, who knows nothing else, knows even his Bible "!
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